University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Pharmacy developed an anti-HIV drug loaded onto a mucoadhesive hyaluronic acid (HA) nanofiber delivery system. To address these issues, Bi-Botti Youan, Ph.D, one of the scientists in the team said that, this delivery system could potentially prevent transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through the vaginal mucosa. The drug is release upon the exposure to semen fluid during sexual intercourse. The semen enzyme degrades the nanafiber and release the drug. Electrospinning method was used to load the antiviral drug. The cytotoxicity of the nanofibers on human vaginal cells and toxic effect on vaginal flora were also assessed. The efficacy of this drug delivery systems depends on the duration of the drug-containing formulation remains at the site of administration (ex. vagina, rectum). Youan said, this delivery system produces less discomfort and reducing the dosing frequency due to their prolonged retention at the target site. This research has opened a new opportunity in the field of vaginal drug delivery system.